In our review, we wanted to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential benefits and harms of CAR-T cell therapy for people with relapsed or refractory DLBCL. In CAR T-cell therapy, T-cells are first removed from the patient's blood, equipped with so-called 'chimeric antigen receptors' (CARs) that help to recognise and destroy the cancer cells, and then delivered back into the patient's blood. A new treatment for these people is called CAR T-cell therapy, which uses the body's own T-cells, which are immune cells, to fight DLBCL. Patients who relapse or are refractory to advanced lines of treatment and those who are not eligible for a stem cell transplant have very poor prognosis, with only half of them surviving longer than 6 to 12 months. At that time, some patients receive chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, but not all patients are eligible for this treatment and, of those who are eligible, around half will experience relapse after it. It is potentially curable, and most patients respond well to initial therapies such as chemotherapy but, for some, the disease becomes refractory or relapses. Moritz: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, or DLBCL, affects blood cells that produce antibodies to fight infections. We asked the lead author, Moritz Ernst from the Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne in Germany to tell us what they found. A new Cochrane Review from September 2021 looks at the evidence on the effects of one treatment, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for people whose disease relapses or does not respond to other treatments. John: Hello, I'm John Hilton, senior editor at Cochrane. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a fast-growing cancer of the lymphatic system.

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